London Underground Stations

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During peak hours, stations can get so crowded that they need to be closed. Passengers may not get on the first train [242] and the majority of passengers do not find a seat on their trains, [243] some trains having more than four passengers every square metre. [244] When asked, passengers report overcrowding as the aspect of the network that they are least satisfied with, and overcrowding has been linked to poor productivity and potential poor heart health. [245] Capacity increases have been overtaken by increased demand, and peak overcrowding has increased by 16 percent since 2004–05. [246] Which London Underground line is the fastest?". 18 September 2017. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021 . Retrieved 21 April 2021. Travelcards make way for 'oyster' ". BBC News. 30 June 2003. Archived from the original on 15 February 2009 . Retrieved 7 March 2012. A public inquiry into the incident was initiated by Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. [26] It was conducted by Desmond Fennell, assisted by a panel of four expert advisers. The inquiry opened on 1 February 1988 at Central Hall, Westminster, and closed on 24 June, after hearing 91 days of evidence. [27] The now-decommissioned wooden escalator at Greenford station (seen in 2006), similar to the one that caught fire at King's Cross

Tribute to Bank Tube station bomb victims of 1941". news.bbc.co.uk. BBC London News. 11 January 2011. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021 . Retrieved 15 August 2021. SSR Signalling contract" (PDF). TfL. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 June 2015 . Retrieved 25 June 2015. Simcox, S.; Wilkes, N.S.; Jones, I.P. (1992). "Computer Simulation of the Flows of Hot Gases from the Fire at King's Cross Underground Station". Fire Safety Journal. 18: 49–73. doi: 10.1016/0379-7112(92)90047-G. In June 2006 a groundwater cooling system was installed at Victoria station. [170] In 2012, air-cooling units were installed on platforms at Green Park station using cool deep groundwater and at Oxford Circus using chiller units at the top of an adjacent building. [171] New air-conditioned trains have been introduced on the sub-surface lines, but was initially ruled out for the tube trains due to space being considered limited on tube trains for air-conditioning units and that these would heat the tunnels even more. The New Tube for London, which will replace the trains for the Bakerloo, Central, Waterloo and City and Piccadilly lines, is planned to have air conditioning for the new trains along with better energy conservation and regenerative braking. [130] [172] [173]

My Journeys

Eliason, Marcus (10 November 1988). "Report Denounces Staff Response to Deadly Fire; Top Men Quit". Associated Press . Retrieved 3 February 2021. Chambers, P. (2006). Body 115: The Story of the Last Victim of the King's Cross Fire. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-470-01808-9. In 2016, Tate Modern commissioned conceptual artist Michael Craig-Martin to "reimagine" the roundel, changing its colours for the first time since the sign was introduced. His design was displayed at Southwark Station in collaboration with Art on the Underground to mark the opening weekend of the new Tate Modern gallery situated near the station. [287] Water pump plan to cool the Tube". BBC News. 8 June 2006. Archived from the original on 6 July 2006 . Retrieved 31 March 2013.

Smith, Rebecca (8 February 2018). "Metropolitan Line extension stalemate between mayor Sadiq Khan and government leaves TFL mulling bus scheme alternative". City AM. Archived from the original on 18 February 2019 . Retrieved 26 October 2022. Work begins to cool the platforms at two major central London stations" (Press release). Transport for London. 17 February 2012. Archived from the original on 27 March 2014 . Retrieved 27 March 2014. Accessibility for people with limited mobility was not considered when most of the system was built, and before 1993 fire regulations prohibited wheelchairs on the Underground. [233] The stations on the Jubilee Line Extension, opened in 1999, were the first stations on the system designed with accessibility in mind, but retrofitting accessibility features to the older stations is a major investment that is planned to take over twenty years. [234] A 2010 London Assembly report concluded that over 10% of people in London had reduced mobility [235] and, with an ageing population, numbers will increase in the future. [236]Paul Channon (12 April 1989). "King's Cross Fire (Fennell Report)". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). House of Commons. col.915–917. Archived from the original on 27 December 2012 . Retrieved 29 October 2012. Freedom Pass". London Councils. Archived from the original on 19 March 2013 . Retrieved 30 March 2013.

Delays and overcrowding [ edit ] An overcrowded Northern line train. Overcrowding is a regular problem for Tube passengers, especially during peak hours. on Jubilee line tunnel section from March 2020". Transport for London (Press release). Archived from the original on 10 May 2021 . Retrieved 3 August 2020.By 1997, the majority of the recommendations of the Fennell report had been implemented, with safety improvements including the removal of any hazardous materials, CCTV fitted in stations, installation of fire alarms and sensors and the issuing of personal radios to staff. [46] Moodie, K. (1992). "The King's Cross Fire: Damage Assessment and Overview of the Technical Investigation". Fire Safety Journal. 18: 13–33. doi: 10.1016/0379-7112(92)90045-E. Victoria Line Platform Humps and RVAR". Livis. Archived from the original on 11 July 2015 . Retrieved 6 December 2011.